
Current issue
Glaeba 2021/1
The aim of this publication is to present the non-invasive research on the Neolithic hill at the Mezőkeresztes, Lapos-halom site.
The site is a late ALP period settlement hill with unknown stratigraphic relations. Based on geophysical surveys, it was a densely built-in area with an artificial boundary. In terms of typology, the assemblages of the northern Szakálhát and formerly known as Szilmeg groups are the most similar to the finds excavated at this site, which also show
a few late Neolithic characteristics. Data suggesting the artificial land use of surrounding area around the site proves the conscious land usage of the area’s former inhabitants.
This study presents the non-invasive investigation of a Late Neolithic circular enclosure discovered not long ago. We were able to document traces of a settlement and the nearly complete layout of a treble circular enclosure system (roundel) from the Lengyel culture at Ligetfalva, Gesztenyés-dűlő in Zala County. We provide a review of the possibilities and limitations of non-invasive research methods regarding Neolithic circular enclosures by presenting the investigations of the roundel at Ligetfalva conducted by land survey, aerial photography and geophysical survey.
In 2018, between August 28 and September 19, during the construction work of the M30 motorway connecting Miskolc (Hungary) with Košice/Kassa (Slovakia), a Neolithic settlement was partially excavated by the Archaeological Heritage Protection Directorate of the Hungarian National Museum at the site Novajidrány–Szőlő-alja II. Based on preliminary results, the excavated 84 archaeological features and the 2 burials can be dated to the emerging phase of the Alföld Linear Pottery Culture (ALPC).
In 2017, as part of nominating the Ripa Pannonica in Hungary to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, construction work began in order to provide a better presentation of the Roman period site Crumerum/Nyergesújfalu. Geophysical research was conducted in the area in 2017, followed by archaeological research in 2018. Based on the previously reconstructed ground plans, probing was carried out in two locations at Sánc-hegy, archaeological site no. 2. The probing yielded negative results in terms of research on the walls of the Roman period encampment, which could be attributed to the potential inaccuracies in the previously available ground plan reconstruction of the encampment. Based on historical and archaeological data collected so far, a newer, pentagonal-shaped reconstruction was proposed. A small metal find from probe no. 1 suggests military presence in the area during the late 2nd – early 3rd centuries AD. Additional small finds and coins show that the area was in use between the late 3rd and 4th centuries, possibly up to the early 5th century AD. The study concludes with the presentation of stamped bricks collected at site no. 1, located at the southwestern foothills where a vicus militaris (a settlement near the encampment) is presumed to be located.
With the publication of Hungarian Conquest period burial no. 216, the documentation of the small cemetery located at the site Subasa-hegy near Szeged-Kiskundorozsma, which consisted of eight burials total, is complete. The burial contained the remains of a horse archer buried along with his horse, his weapons and a vessel. Burials of a small community came to light at the Subasa cemetery, which were spaced far away from each other, with burial no. 216 being located 104 metres away from the nearest burial. Based on the above, the status of the so-called solitary burials previously located at other sites potentially might have to be reconsidered.
The study presents the results concerning the macro-morphological analysis of the anthropological remains from feature no. 216 of the 10th century site Kiskundorozsma-Subasa M5 (site no. 37, 26/78). The skeletal remains of the young adult male showed traces of minor developmental disorders and asymmetric osteological deformations from regular systemic physical load were also registered. The skeletal features observed could most likely be attributed to some kind of trauma and/or malformation.
In April 2019, the Archaeological Heritage Protection Directorate of the Hungarian National Museum excavated a section of a Late Iron Age cemetery near Novajidrány (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county). The following study presents the conservation of the ceramics and metal finds collected ‘in situ’ from one of the burials. The aim of this study is to thoroughly present each step of the restoration process and highlight the fundamental challenges presented by each stage of the procedure. The results aid in the archaeological interpretation of the finds, specifically of the deposition and burial customs of the Late Iron Age in this case.
Digitalisation is becoming an increasingly major factor in archaeology. The use of mobile devices and digital documentation system applications at excavations is more and more common, the latter of which requires insight in geoinformatics and poses several questions. The aim of this study is to redefine user-level digital competency as well as the elements used for documentation, and to provide insight on how database structures are developed and system resources are determined.
The establishment of the Hungarian National Museum Community Archaeology Program provided a wide range of opportunities to investigate previously unknown archaeological sites. A series of finds from different periods were recovered in the vicinity of Páty, Nagy-Kopasz (Pest County, unregistered site). This study presents three Late Roman brooches (copper-alloy hinged-pin ’T’-brooch, cast copper-alloy crossbow brooches) and a well-preserved Late Medieval / Early Modern Age iron knife (Steyr type).